Industrial buildings without lanterns include buildings that are completely or partially deprived of natural light and completely or partially deprived of natural ventilation (aeration), which is replaced by supply and exhaust mechanical ventilation.
It is allowed to design industrial buildings without lanterns:
a) for the placement of industries requiring automatic regulation of temperature and humidity of the air or a special regime for the purity of air in premises;
b) for the location of production facilities in which the excess of sensible heat in the premises does not exceed 20 kcal / m3-h, without the release of poisonous gases, poisonous vapors and
poisonous dust;
c) for the location of industries in which production processes associated with the danger of the release of toxic gases, vapors or dust are automated
and are carried out in a hermetically sealed apparatus, as a rule, under vacuum, and the sensible heat excess does not exceed 20 kcal / m3-h.
In some cases, buildings without lanterns can be designed without windows in the part of the buildings where the processes with the production requirements specified in subparagraph a) are located.
If there are certain processes in the production facilities specified in subparagraphs b) and c) with an excess of sensible heat of more than 20 kcal / m3-h, as well as separate production processes with the release of toxic gases, vapors and dust, these production facilities should be separated into separate: premises.
These rooms should, as a rule, be located at the outer walls of buildings with windows, and, if necessary, provide devices for the natural inflow and exhaust of air. If it is technically impossible to locate such separate production facilities near the outer walls, their placement inside buildings may be allowed by agreement with the bodies of the State Sanitary Inspection and the central committees of trade unions of the relevant industries.
Industrial premises (with a permanent stay of workers) without natural light or with insufficient natural light must be equipped with installations of artificial ultraviolet radiation (with erythema lamps).
For industries with indoor air humidity of 70% or more, with the technological need to maintain the specified humidity, it is allowed to use buildings without lanterns.
In industrial buildings without lanterns with industries for which a special regime for the cleanliness of premises or other special requirements is required, it is allowed, if there are appropriate justifications, to arrange suspended ceilings. Suspended ceilings should generally be prefabricated in the form of panels or slabs using lightweight effective materials: aluminum, asbestos cement and other non-combustible materials. The fire resistance limit of a suspended ceiling that is not an intermediate floor is not standardized.
In the production areas of buildings without lanterns, in which production facilities are located, classified according to the degree of fire hazard to categories A, B and C, there must be coverings located in the area, in accordance with the placement of combustible materials in the premises, exhaust shafts with a remote device for their opening a cross-sectional area of at least 0.2% of the area of industrial premises for removing smoke and reducing the temperature in the premises in the event of a fire. This requirement does not apply to premises directly adjacent to the outer perimeter of buildings with a depth of not more than 30 m from the outer walls with window openings.
In all buildings without lanterns with a width of more than 60 m with industries of categories A, B and C, automatic fire extinguishing means must be provided.
The largest allowable area of premises between fire walls in one-story industrial buildings without lanterns of II degree of fire resistance for industries of category B of the textile industry is not limited.
In cases of placement according to the conditions of the technological process of production of category A in multi-storey buildings of the II degree of fire resistance, the area of the premises between the fire walls should not exceed 5000 m2.
Auxiliary and other premises can be attached to buildings without lanterns in which production facilities are located that are classified according to the degree of fire hazard to categories A and B, so that the perimeter of the outer walls of explosive rooms is free from construction for at least 50% of its length, if possible due to technological conditions.
In the outer walls of buildings without lanterns, as a rule, window openings should be provided, used to illuminate the extreme spans and for the flow of outside air. Sashes of window openings used for ventilation of premises located above the working area must open mechanically.
Process pipelines, in addition to pipelines for liquefied gases, combustible and flammable liquids, air ducts and utilities in one-story buildings without lanterns should, as a rule, be placed in a space limited by the dimensions of the supporting structures.